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3 spanish moods8/27/2023 ![]() ![]() It’s important that John goes to the store. (The clause “it’s good” alerts us that the speaker is about to express a subjective opinion.) (The clause “it is possible” tells us that the speaker feels that there is uncertainty as to whether John goes to the store.) It is possible that John will go to the store. (The clause “I hope” tells us that the speaker feels that there is uncertainty as to whether John goes to the store.) ![]() (The clause “I want” tells us that the speaker feels that there is uncertainty as to whether John goes to the store.) (The clause “there is no doubt” tells us that the speaker feels that it is a certain, objective fact that John goes to the store.) There is no doubt that John goes to the store. (The clause “I know” tells us that the speaker feels that it is a certain, objective fact that John goes to the store.) (This sentence merely states the certain, objective fact that John goes to the store.) The difference between indicative and subjunctive is the difference between certainty/objectivity (indicative) and possibility/subjectivity (subjunctive). Since the above statement does not express certainty, the subjunctive (vaya) is required in the second clause. Yo dudo que usted vaya al Perú en diciembre. The subjunctive mood is used to express everything except certainty and objectivity: things like doubt, uncertainty, subjectivity, etc. In the above sentence, the clause “dudo” introduces a quality of uncertainty, - the speaker does have doubt, so here the subjunctive mood is used in the second clause (vaya). I doubt that you are going to Peru in December. Let’s make another slight change to our example:ĭudo que usted vaya al Perú en diciembre. In the above sentence, the clause “no dudo” introduces a quality of certainty, - the speaker has no doubt, so the indicative mood is used in the second clause (va) as well as the first (no dudo). I don’t doubt that you are going to Peru in December. No dudo que usted va al Perú en diciembre. The above sentence merely reports the fact that you are going to Peru in December, so the indicative mood is used. The indicative mood is used to express factual information, certainty, and objectivity. So far, you have studied verb tenses in the indicative mood. If I were a rich man, I wouldn’t have to work hard. The law requires that you be 18 years old to vote. The doctor recommends that he take the pills with food. Here are some examples of the subjunctive being used in English: The subjunctive mood is rarely used in English, but it is widely used in Spanish. Tense refers to when an action takes place (past, present, future), while mood merely reflects how the speaker feels about the action. The subjunctive is not a tense rather, it is a mood. Let’s try a slightly different approach, with the goal of making this topic less troublesome. are to the left.Īll too frequently, the topic of the subjunctive is made far more difficult than is necessary. Subjunctive VIII: Actions not yet completed Subjunctive III: Verbs that change orthographically Subjunctive II: Conjugating regular and stem-changing verbs Respectively.) In English: Isabella sings. ![]() (The highlighted verbs are in the indicative, subjunctive and imperative moods, The imperative mood is used to give direct commands. The subjunctive (not often distinguished in English but common in Spanish) is often used to indicate that something is not factual but is probable, unlikely, hoped for or feared. In both languages, the indicative mood is the "normal" verb form, the one used to make statements of fact. All verbs other than infinitives, participles and gerunds when used alone are in one of those moods. Spanish and English each have three verb moods: indicative, subjunctive and imperative. A set of verb forms indicating the relationship between the verb's action and the speaker's perception of it. ![]()
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